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Bronze Yan with beast-mask design
Western Zhou Dynasty
Height 38cm, diameter at mouth 23.2cm
Unearthed from tomb No.2 at Baicaopo, Lingtai County, Gansu Province
Preserved in Gansu Provincial Museum
Yan is composed of two parts: Zeng and Li of which the Zeng part have flared mouth, straight standing ear, slightly-slanted deep belly, contracted waist and a removable grate at the bottom inside; the Li part have contracted mouth, round shoulder, parted crotch at the belly and three rectangular-pyramid-post-like feet of which the end is a bit thicker. The ear of this Yan is decorated with rope design, the neck with three groups of beast-mask design, the crotch with ox-horn-shaped beast mask design.
Yan is a sort of cooking vessel similar to that of steamer we use today prevailing from the Shang Dynasty to the Han Dynasty. Its upper Zeng part is for holding food on the grate the holes on which is for steam to go from the lower Li part and the lower Li part is for holding water.

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